For Prelims: Data Principal, Data Fiduciary, Consent Manager, Interoperability
For Mains: Governance: Digital governance and data protection; Polity: Privacy and personal data protection
Source:PIB
5 facts for one-day exams
SSC, railway, police and teaching exams ask direct questions like these.
- Consent Manager registration began under a framework effective from 13 November 2026.
- Applicant companies must have a minimum net worth of ₹2 crore.
- The Data Protection Board of India assesses registration applications.
- Eligible companies can apply through dpbi.gov.in.
- The Digital Personal Data Protection Rules were issued in 2025.
The news
The registration framework for Consent Managers under the Digital Personal Data Protection (DPDP) Act, 2023, came into effect on 13 November 2026. On the same day, Shri S. Krishnan, Secretary of the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY), launched the online portal https://dpbi.gov.in to enable eligible Indian companies to apply for registration as Consent Managers. The framework is part of the phased implementation of the DPDP framework and allows eligible entities to seek registration and prepare to offer consent management services.
A Consent Manager is an entity registered with the Data Protection Board of India that enables Data Principals to give, manage, review and withdraw consent through an accessible, transparent and interoperable platform. Companies incorporated in India with a net worth of not less than ₹2 crore and adequate technical, operational and financial capacity may seek registration. The Board will assess applications against applicable requirements and may register qualifying companies; the list of registered Consent Managers will be made publicly available on the Board's website. Other key provisions concerning the rights of Data Principals, the obligations of Data Fiduciaries, and the Board's inquiry and penalty processes are scheduled to come into effect on 13 May 2027.
Consent Manager registration framework DPDP Act: why in the news?
The Consent Manager registration framework under the DPDP Act, 2023, took effect on 13 November 2026, and MeitY Secretary S. Krishnan launched the online portal dpbi.gov.in for eligible Indian companies to apply, marking a key step in operationalising the data protection framework.
What is the Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023?
The Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 is India's comprehensive law governing the processing of digital personal data, enacted to provide a framework that recognizes both the right of individuals to protect their personal data and the need to process such data for lawful purposes. The Act establishes the Data Protection Board of India as the regulatory authority and creates the role of Consent Managers to help individuals, termed Data Principals, manage their consent with entities that process their data, called Data Fiduciaries. The law was passed by Parliament in August 2023 and received presidential assent on 11 August 2023. It draws upon the principles laid down by the Supreme Court in the landmark 2017 right to privacy judgment in Justice K.S. Puttaswamy (Retd.) vs Union of India, which declared privacy a fundamental right under Article 21 of the Constitution. The Act replaces the earlier Information Technology (Reasonable Security Practices and Procedures and Sensitive Personal Data or Information) Rules, 2011, which had provided limited data protection norms under the Information Technology Act, 2000. The framing of the DPDP Act was preceded by the report of the Justice B.N. Srikrishna Committee, which submitted its draft Personal Data Protection Bill in 2018 after a year-long consultation process.
What is a Consent Manager?
A Consent Manager is an entity registered with the Data Protection Board of India that enables Data Principals to give, manage, review and withdraw consent through an accessible, transparent and interoperable platform. The framework seeks to strengthen trust and accountability in the digital ecosystem, with Consent Managers being accountable to the Data Principals.
What are the eligibility and registration requirements?
Applicants must be companies incorporated in India with a net worth of at least ₹2 crore and adequate technical, operational and financial capacity. Applications are submitted through dpbi.gov.in to the Data Protection Board of India, which assesses them against applicable requirements and may register qualifying companies. The Board's website will publish the list of registered Consent Managers.
What is the next scheduled phase?
Key provisions concerning Data Principal rights, Data Fiduciary obligations and the Board's inquiry and penalty processes are scheduled to take effect on 13 May 2027. The current registration phase allows eligible entities to prepare to offer consent management services before those provisions come into force.
Consent Manager registration framework DPDP Act: facts and terms for exams
- Data Principal:
- The individual to whom personal data relates.
- Data Fiduciary:
- A person who alone or with others determines the purpose and means of processing personal data.
- Consent Manager:
- An entity registered with the Data Protection Board of India that enables Data Principals to give, manage, review and withdraw consent through an accessible, transparent and interoperable platform.
- Interoperability:
- The ability of different systems to work together and exchange or use information.
Consent Manager registration framework DPDP Act: why it matters for exams
Exams: UPSC, BPSC, UPPSC, MPPSC, RPSC RAS, HPSC HCS, UKPSC, HPPSC HAS, SSC
Syllabus: Governance: Digital governance and data protection; Polity: Privacy and personal data protection
Common mistake: Examiners may swap the registration date with the later implementation date: Consent Manager registration took effect on 13 November 2026, while other key provisions are scheduled for 13 May 2027.
Mains question on Consent Manager registration framework DPDP Act
Examine the role of Consent Managers under the Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023, and discuss how the registration framework aims to strengthen data principal rights and accountability in the digital ecosystem.
Stuck? Get it in one tap
A Consent Manager helps an individual give, review, manage or withdraw permission concerning personal data. Eligible Indian companies can apply to the Data Protection Board of India for registration. The registration framework is in force, while other key provisions are scheduled for a later date.
- Governance: Digital governance and data protection
- Polity: Privacy and personal data protection
Related concepts: Data Principal, Data Fiduciary, Consent Manager, Interoperability
Practice questions
Pick an answer, then read the explanation.
- Q1Easy
Which body assesses applications for registration as Consent Managers under the Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023?
Explanation: The Data Protection Board of India assesses applications and may register qualifying companies. The Ministry is associated with the framework, while Data Principals and Data Fiduciaries have different roles.
- Q2Hard
Consider the following statements about Consent Manager registration under the Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023:
- 1.An eligible company must be incorporated in India.
- 2.A Consent Manager is accountable to Data Fiduciaries rather than Data Principals.
- 3.The Data Protection Board of India will make the list of registered Consent Managers publicly available on its website.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
Explanation: Statements 1 and 3 are correct: eligible applicants must be Indian-incorporated companies, and the Board will publish the registered list. Statement 2 is incorrect because Consent Managers are accountable to Data Principals.
- Q3Medium
What minimum net worth is required for an Indian company seeking registration as a Consent Manager under the framework effective in November 2026?
Explanation: The minimum net worth requirement is ₹2 crore. The other amounts do not match the prescribed threshold.
- Q4Medium
What is the principal function of a registered Consent Manager under the Digital Personal Data Protection framework?
Explanation: Consent Managers facilitate individuals' consent choices through an accessible, transparent and interoperable platform. Registration assessment and the specified inquiry and penalty processes belong to the Board, not Consent Managers.
Frequently asked questions
1. When did the Consent Manager registration framework take effect?
The framework took effect on 13 November 2026.
2. What is the minimum net worth for Consent Manager registration?
An applicant company must have a net worth of at least ₹2 crore, along with adequate technical, operational and financial capacity.
3. Where can Indian companies apply for Consent Manager registration?
Eligible companies can apply through https://dpbi.gov.in to the Data Protection Board of India.
4. When are other key DPDP provisions scheduled to take effect?
Key provisions on Data Principal rights, Data Fiduciary obligations and Board inquiry and penalty processes are scheduled for 13 May 2027.
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Original14 November 2026 · Read story

